Why Tampa is the most vulnerable city in America for hurricane storm surges

Tampa is the single most vulnerably city in the U.S.for hurricane storm surges, according to experts — because a mix of fatal factors collide in the city to create catastrophic conditions if it takes a direct hit from a major storm like the incoming Hurricane Milton.About 50% of the more than 3 million people living around Tampa Bay reside at elevations less than 10 feet above sea level, a 2015 study from the disaster consultants Karen Clark and Co.

found — meaning millions of homes will be severely flooded if Milton’s 15-foot storm surge comes to fruition.The last time Tampa Bay was hit by a major hurricane was 1921, when just a few hundred people lived in sparsely developed backwater towns — and the community was still devastated, with ocean waves breaking in the middle of downtown Tampa and swaths of infrastructure being washed away.And the area is practically tailor-made to create severe storm surges thanks to shallow depths in the bay and surrounding Gulf coast.

Waves blown by heavy wind can “pile up” and create a deadly wall of water, MIT meteorology professor Kerry Emanuel told The Post.“Storm surges are physically the same thing as a tsunami, but they’re created by wind rather than a shaking sea floor,” Emanuel said.

“Imagine a wave coming up to a place where the water’s getting shallower and shallower and shallower.It has to slow down,” Emanuel said.

“The front of it is slowing down faster than the back of it.So it’s like a traffic jam.

One car starts to slow down and then the other cars pile up behind it.It’s a fluid equivalent of that.”The shape Tampa Bay itself also exacerbates that effect, Emanuel explained, as its narrow opening and channel further amplifies the surge’s pile-up and spreads it across the surrounding region.“The water is piling up left and right, it’s not just piling up from the bottom.

You have to squeeze all that energy into progressively smaller places, and it literally just gets funneled,�...